{"id":77,"date":"2019-05-10T21:51:27","date_gmt":"2019-05-10T14:51:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mayngan.net\/?p=77"},"modified":"2019-05-10T21:51:27","modified_gmt":"2019-05-10T14:51:27","slug":"noi-chuyen-voi-tac-gia-ho-tham-tu-tuong-tap-chi-van-thang-9-nam-1969","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mayngan.net\/?p=77","title":{"rendered":"N\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u201cH\u1ed1 th\u1eb3m t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng\u201d – T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed V\u0103n th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1969"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

M\u00e2y Ng\u00e0n xin tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n hi\u1ebfm hoi c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed V\u0103n th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1969. B\u00e0i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n, v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 \u201cm\u1ed9t t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1ed1i t\u0103m, kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay\u201d, \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e1p v\u1ec1 suy t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c; v\u1ec1 \u201ccon \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tri\u1ebft l\u00fd Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d; nh\u1eefng tr\u0103n tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai: \u201cS\u1ef1 leo thang c\u1ee7a tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn tranh \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u01b0 v\u00f4, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e2y khi chi\u1ebfn tranh \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t v\u00e0 ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00ec s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u01b0 v\u00f4 l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng \u0111i nhanh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ph\u0169 ph\u00e0ng h\u01a1n n\u1eefa.\u201d
<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Paris, 12.8.1969<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1ede Paris t\u00f4i t\u00ecnh c\u1edd \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i ng\u1eafn c\u00e1c anh vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 t\u00f4i trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 V\u0103n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c anh c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng qu\u00fd m\u1ebfn t\u00f4i, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c anh v\u1eabn ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn t\u00f4i ngay n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4i c\u1ed1 vi\u1ebft \u201ccao\u201d, vi\u1ebft \u201ct\u1ed1i\u201d, \u201ckh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u\u201d, v.v. m\u00e0 v\u00ec ch\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i theo \u00fd th\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tri\u1ebft l\u00fd, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng cao si\u00eau, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a g\u00ec h\u1ebft, ngo\u00e0i ra l\u00e0 r\u00e1ng n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng tranh t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn gi\u1eefa con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng tranh t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb b\u1ea1i tr\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. Husserl c\u0169ng l\u00e0 k\u1ebb tranh \u0111\u1ea5u quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t trong s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng tranh t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. Ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng xung \u0111\u1ed9t \u1ea5y th\u00ec m\u1edbi n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00eam t\u1ed1i trong c\u01a1n b\u1ec7nh t\u00e0n t\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eadt nguy\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cdt ng\u00e0y sau khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e1 th\u01b0 tr\u00ean, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin anh Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb Vienne tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Saigon, v\u00ec b\u1ecb ch\u1ee9ng \u0111au ru\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh. To\u00e0 so\u1ea1n nh\u1edd anh B\u00f9i V\u1ecb Xuy\u00ean t\u1edbi th\u0103m anh Ph\u1ea1m. B\u00e0i d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ghi ch\u00fa v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c m\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e0m d\u00e0i h\u01a1n hai ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 m\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 H\u1ed0 TH\u1eb2M T\u01af T\u01af\u1edeNG d\u00e0nh cho V\u0103n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xin m\u1eddi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111i v\u00e0o t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 (\u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u) m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1ed1i t\u0103m, kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

*\u201cT\u00f4i sinh ra \u0111\u1eddi b\u00ean m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long, m\u00e0 C\u1eedu Long c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00edn con r\u1ed3ng; h\u1ed3i nh\u1ecf, t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u01a1i l\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t con r\u1ed3ng con, \u1edf b\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00f9 lao, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00f9 lao R\u1ed3ng. Thu\u1edf nh\u1ecf, t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y rong ch\u01a1i \u1edf c\u00f9 lao R\u1ed3ng, ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ed1n nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eafm b\u01a1i \u1edf trong con s\u00f4ng ch\u00edn con r\u1ed3ng\u2026\u201d(H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m T\u01b0 T\u01b0\u1edfng, 1967, trang 104-105)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BVX: Xin anh cho bi\u1ebft th\u00eam v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng anh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PCT: Nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1966 t\u1ea1i Paris trong qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea D\u00f4me \u1edf Montparnasse gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u xu\u00e2n ph\u01a1i ph\u1edbi c\u00f3 gi\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 l\u00e1 r\u1ea5t non; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian duy nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u0129 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, n\u01a1i t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ed5, n\u01a1i t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf \u0111i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ecf \u0111i v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n, n\u01a1i t\u00f4i th\u00f9 gh\u00e9t kinh t\u1edfm \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ee3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i danh t\u1eeb qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a g\u00ec c\u1ea3, t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng n\u01a1i t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra \u0111\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng bi k\u1ecbch \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn th\u1ea3m kh\u1ed1c nh\u1ea5t trong m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi; t\u00f4i h\u1eadn th\u00f9 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u00f4i kinh t\u1edfm Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n b\u00f4i xo\u00e1 hai ch\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong tim t\u00f4i v\u00e0 \u00f3c t\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BVX: Trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 v\u0103n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, anh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t. Sao anh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ecf \u0111i v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n nh\u01b0 v\u1eeba n\u00f3i?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PCT: Nh\u01b0 anh th\u1ea5y, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BVX: Tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i n\u0103m 1966, d\u1ea1o \u0111\u00f3 anh \u0111\u00e3\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PCT: V\u00e2ng, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 kinh t\u1edfm Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 mu\u1ed1n b\u00f4i xo\u00e1 hai ch\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong tim t\u00f4i v\u00e0 \u00f3c t\u00f4i. Nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y xu\u00e2n d\u1ea1o \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf Paris, t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec nhoi nh\u00f3i trong t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec non non nh\u01b0 l\u00e1 xu\u00e2n, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec xa v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00eam khuya, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t con s\u00f4ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ea3y nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0o h\u1ed3n t\u00f4i tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng chim h\u00f3t b\u00ean h\u00e0ng x\u00f3m; d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng Seine \u00f4m l\u1ea5y Paris. \u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean c\u1ea7u Pont Neuf m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam khuya, nh\u00ecn xu\u1ed1ng d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng Seine x\u00e1m \u0111en, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m con s\u00f4ng ch\u1ea3y qua \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh, m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m con s\u00f4ng nh\u1ea3y m\u00faa nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m con r\u1eafn v\u00e0 Ng\u00e0y sinh c\u1ee7a r\u1eafn b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u00f3; m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m con r\u1eafn \u0111ang cu\u1ed9n nhau nh\u1ea3y m\u00faa trong m\u1ed9t v\u0169 \u0111i\u1ec7u mang t\u00ean k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 l\u00e0 M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c, con r\u1eafn ch\u00faa nh\u1ea3y m\u00faa m\u1ed9t l\u00fac th\u00ec bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh r\u1ed3ng, v\u00e0 ngay gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat \u1ea5y, t\u00f4i s\u1ef1c bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng con r\u1ed3ng \u1ea5y l\u00e0 s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long. T\u00f4i m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00ec th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh v\u1eeba s\u1ed1ng qua m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5c m\u1ed9ng hoang \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111ang khi m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 hai m\u1eaft v\u1eabn m\u1edf v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn xu\u1ed1ng d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng Seine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00eam \u0111\u00f3, b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1edf lui v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1n tr\u1ecd \u1edf Quartier Latin, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eb1m th\u1ee9c su\u1ed1t \u0111\u00eam v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong \u0111\u1eddi, t\u00f4i b\u1ed7ng th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam ng\u1ecd ngu\u1eady c\u1ef1a m\u00ecnh bay v\u1ee5t ph\u00f3ng v\u00e0o h\u1ed1 th\u1eb3m \u0111\u1ea7y l\u1eeda m\u00e1u, r\u1ed3i bay v\u1ecdt l\u00ean cao t\u00edt m\u00f9, m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i n\u00e0o cao v\u00fat tr\u00ean kia, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft g\u1ecdi t\u00ean l\u00e0 g\u00ec, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m kh\u00f3i, kh\u00f3i thu\u1ed1c m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111ang n\u1eb1m h\u00fat li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ebfu n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ebfu kh\u00e1c su\u1ed1t tr\u1ecdn c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00eam. S\u00e1ng h\u00f4m sau v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y sau li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp, H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m T\u01b0 T\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra \u0111\u1eddi, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra \u0111\u1eddi k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 Im L\u1eb7ng H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m; t\u00f4i ng\u1ed3i vi\u1ebft quy\u1ec3n Im L\u1eb7ng H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea tr\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1ea1m m\u00e9tro Place Jussie, nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u1ea5y c\u00f3 thi s\u0129 Nh. Tay Ng\u00e0n ng\u1ed3i b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i v\u1eeba vi\u1ebft v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ecdc cho Nh. Tay Ng\u00e0n nghe v\u00e0 h\u1eafn \u0111\u00e3 nghe v\u1edbi l\u1ed7 tai c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t thi s\u0129 ng\u00e2y th\u01a1 v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i, h\u1eafn l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, v\u00ec t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 th\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c m\u01a1 m\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a thi s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3ng tr\u00ed h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 soi m\u00f3i, v\u00ec hi\u1ebfu k\u1ef3, \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n, v\u00ec t\u1ef1 m\u00e3n ph\u00e8 ph\u1ee1n v\u1edbi v\u1ed1n li\u1ebfng h\u1ecdc th\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ec3 tranh lu\u1eadn h\u01a1n thua, v\u00ec c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb s\u1ec9 nh\u1ee5c h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i t\u00e1t tai m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0o tri th\u1ee9c, v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u0103n ho\u00e1, l\u00fd lu\u1eadn h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng, \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1, \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n c\u00e0o b\u1edbi cho m\u00e1u ch\u1ea3y v\u1ecdt ra t\u1eeb v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 m\u00e0 t\u00f4i, m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb y\u00eau \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n tr\u00e0n tr\u1ec1 v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BVX: Anh \u0111\u00e3 h\u0103ng h\u00e1i \u201ct\u00e1t tai\u201d m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1, v\u00e0\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PCT: T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 s\u1ebd t\u00e1t tai l\u1ea1i t\u00f4i; nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y t\u00f4i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 sung s\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u01b0a tai m\u00ecnh cho thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 t\u00e1t v\u00e0o; sau t\u1eadp th\u01a1 Ng\u00e0y Sinh C\u1ee7a R\u1eafn, quy\u1ec3n H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m T\u01b0 T\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 Im L\u1eb7ng H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m ra \u0111\u1eddi th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1edd nh\u1eadt b\u00e1o n\u00e0o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111em t\u00ean t\u00f4i ra \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m tr\u00f2 h\u1ec1, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1edd nh\u1eadt b\u00e1o b\u00e1n ch\u1ea1y nh\u1ea5t b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u00ean t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111i nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u00e1 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec nham nh\u1edf, h\u1ee3m h\u0129nh, qu\u00e1i d\u1ecb \u0111i\u00ean r\u1ed3 \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u1edd t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed, m\u1ed9t t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed t\u00ean g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i d\u00e0i nhan \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 \u201cPh\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ai?\u201d v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y h\u01a1n n\u1eefa c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp san kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i \u0111\u0103ng lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i \u201cHi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i l\u00e0 th\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u00ean ch\u1eef, m\u1ed9t t\u00ean \u0111i\u1ebfm \u0111\u00e0ng, m\u1ed9t t\u00ean c\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3 trong v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e2n v\u00e2n. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 say s\u01b0a \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 n\u00f3i, vi\u1ebft, ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n, \u0111\u1ec1 cao, ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch, m\u1ea1t s\u00e1t t\u00f4i; t\u00f4i say s\u01b0a \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 mu\u1ed1n vi\u1ebft: v\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 t\u00f4i. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ch t\u00f4i xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec1u b\u00e1n h\u1ebft trong m\u1ed9t hai th\u00e1ng, t\u00f4i b\u1ed7ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 s\u00e1ch b\u00e1n ch\u1ea1y nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i t\u00e1t tai th\u1ee9 hai, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec nguy hi\u1ec3m cho m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 k\u1ebb s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb s\u1ec9 nh\u1ee5c v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111em m\u00ecnh ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111em m\u1ed9t con qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt t\u1eeb s\u1edf th\u00fa. C\u00e1i t\u00e1t tai th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 sau khi t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb s\u1ec9 nh\u1ee5c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00fac t\u00f4i c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vu\u1ed1t ve ng\u1ecdt ng\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u1ed1 b\u1ecbch khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 \u201cth\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d cho ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng thanh ni\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam; h\u1ecd t\u00f4n t\u00f4i l\u00e0 \u201cth\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d v\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do ngu xu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda ph\u00f2ng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 x\u00f4 \u0111u\u1ed5i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 ngu xu\u1ea9n \u1ea5y ra ngo\u00e0i h\u00e0nh lang. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec c\u1ea3, t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thanh ni\u00ean mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ea7n n\u00f3i, mu\u1ed1n im l\u1eb7ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ea7n im l\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n s\u1ed1ng cho ra h\u1ed3n c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ri\u00eang t\u01b0 l\u1eadp d\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BVX: Anh t\u1ef1 cho m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 l\u1eadp d\u1ecb. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi (trong s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 Tr\u1ea7n Phong Giao) cho anh l\u00e0 b\u1eadc thi\u00ean t\u00e0i\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PCT: B\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, danh t\u1eeb \u201cthi\u00ean t\u00e0i\u201d ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00f2 ngu xu\u1ea9n, ngu xu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 danh t\u1eeb cao \u0111\u1eb9p hoa m\u1ef9 kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb \u201cs\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o\u201d hay danh t\u1eeb \u201cngh\u1ec7 s\u0129\u201d c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ngu xu\u1ea9n n\u1ed1t. Thi\u00ean t\u00e0i, ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129, c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n, thi s\u0129, n\u1ed5i lo\u1ea1n, h\u01b0 v\u00f4, hi\u1ec7n sinh, tri\u1ebft l\u00fd, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u ngu xu\u1ea9n. C\u00e0ng ngu xu\u1ea9n, c\u00e0ng s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ngu xu\u1ea9n \u1ea5y, t\u00f4i c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ngu xu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ngu xu\u1ea9n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, c\u1ee7a anh, c\u1ee7a em, c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. S\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 ngu xu\u1ea9n, ch\u1ebft c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ngu xu\u1ea9n, th\u1ebf th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ngu xu\u1ea9n v\u1edbi ngu xu\u1ea9n qua ngu xu\u1ea9n trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ngu xu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 ngu xu\u1ea9n. \u0110\u1ea9y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ngu xu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ebfn ngu xu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng: m\u01a1 m\u1ed9ng trong khi v\u1eabn m\u1edf m\u1eaft, c\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 bi th\u1ea3m, y\u00eau t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1edf t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, \u0111\u00f9a ch\u01a1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5n tr\u00f2 \u0111\u00f9a c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi gian v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, \u0111\u00f3ng v\u1edf tu\u1ed3ng ch\u00e8o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh cho \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 xu\u1ea5t th\u1ea7n ng\u00e3 ng\u1eeda. Nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft, c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u n\u1eefa: \u0111\u00f9a dai \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u \u0111i n\u1eefa th\u00ec c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y m\u1ec7t v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi \u1ea5y n\u00f3i l\u00ean h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 t\u00ednh th\u1ec3: Henry Miller tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i s\u1ed1ng \u1edf Hu\u00ea K\u1ef3 sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eedi b\u1edbi Hu\u00ea K\u1ef3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n manh m\u00fan g\u00ec n\u1eefa; Rimbaud tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf Marseille sau khi n\u00f3i Merde \u00e0 Dieu; H\u00e9cralite n\u1eb1m ch\u1ebft \u1ee9 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi b\u1ea7y heo sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ca t\u1ee5ng l\u1eeda c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5; Nietzsche b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111inh \u1ee9 m\u00e1u sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eedi b\u1edbi k\u1ebb \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111inh tr\u00ean th\u1eadp t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1. C\u00e1i t\u00e1t tai t\u00f4i g\u1eedi cho anh c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1i t\u00e1t tai anh g\u1eedi cho t\u00f4i, hay n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00e0i t\u00ecnh th\u1ea7n b\u00ed nh\u01b0 Eckhart th\u00ec \u201c\u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft t\u00f4i nh\u00ecn Ch\u00faa c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft Ch\u00faa nh\u00ecn t\u00f4i\u201d, hay n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tri\u1ebft l\u00fd th\u00ec \u201ch\u1eefu h\u1ea1n, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u1eeda m\u1edf ra v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n\u201d. Hay n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh b\u00f3ng gi\u00f3 th\u00ec sau khi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf qu\u00ean s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long, \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t h\u1eb3n d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a tu\u1ed5i th\u01a1 m\u00ecnh, th\u00ec s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long l\u1ea1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ea3y l\u1ea1i trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng t\u00f4i; \u0111i\u1ec1u phi th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea3y l\u1ea1i trong m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0o m\u00e0 s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea3y l\u1ea1i trong b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i n\u00e0o tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y khi m\u00e0 t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1edf m\u1eaft ra nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 Saroyan, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 say s\u01b0a y\u00eau m\u1ebfn trong quy\u1ec3n \u00dd th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi trong v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u00f4i m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 m\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9. S\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 (R\u00fcckschritt) th\u00ec cao qu\u00ed v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 t\u00ecm h\u01a1n s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 (Fortschritt) v\u00ec m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00f9i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn N\u01a1i Su\u1ed1i Ngu\u1ed3n (Ursprung), su\u1ed1i ngu\u1ed3n \u1ea5y l\u00e0 Hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh (Anwesenheit), t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 T\u00ednh th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 Hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh (Sein als Anwesenheit), ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 V\u00f4 \u1ea8n t\u00ednh (Un-Verborgenheit), m\u00e0 b\u1ecf qu\u00ean Hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh (Anwesenheit) th\u00ec s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u1ebf m\u1ec7nh t\u1ef1u th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn tranh t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng b\u00f4ng b\u00e8o v\u00e0 b\u00f4ng lau l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng x\u00e1c ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nh\u1eefng x\u00e1c ch\u1ebft tr\u00f4i n\u1ed5i l\u1ec1nh b\u1ec1nh trong n\u1ed7i m\u1ea5t qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng chung c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BVX: S\u1ef1 \u0111i nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi quan ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 tri\u1ebft l\u00fd c\u1ee7a anh kh\u00f4ng?PCT c\u01b0\u1eddi bu\u1ed3n, ng\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra th\u00e0nh gh\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00ecn l\u00ean tr\u1ea7n nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BVX: T\u00f4i th\u1ea5y anh th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi tri\u1ebft l\u00fd l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\u2026PCT ch\u1ed3m ra ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1ea5y t\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00e0, u\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t h\u01a1i d\u00e0i, ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p, r\u1ed3i anh tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, gi\u1ecdng r\u00e0nh r\u1ebd nh\u01b0 khi gi\u1ea3ng b\u00e0i trong l\u1edbp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PCT: G\u1ecdi tri\u1ebft l\u00fd l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00ec con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng ng\u00e3 ba, ng\u00e3 t\u01b0, ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c: con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng qua nh\u1eefng thung l\u0169ng, qua nh\u1eefng v\u00fa \u0111\u1ed3i xanh nhung, nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i c\u1ecf hoa v\u00e0ng c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbm t\u00ecnh l\u01b0\u1ee3n nhau, nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 con s\u00f4ng, v\u00ec con s\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc: s\u00f4ng l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a s\u00f4ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ea3y, ch\u1ea3y l\u00e0 c\u0103n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea1y, m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea1y d\u00e0i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a con s\u00f4ng \u0111ang ch\u1ea3y, trong danh t\u1eeb tri\u1ebft \u0110\u1ee9c, s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cR\u00fcckschritt\u201d\u2019; ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 10, n\u0103m 1966, ch\u00ednh Heidegger \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tri\u1ebft l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 (Fortschritt) m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 (R\u00fcckschritt); \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh huy\u1ec1n b\u00ed c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft l\u00fd: Khoa h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfn th\u00ec tri\u1ebft l\u00fd l\u00f9i: s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft l\u00fd k\u00eau g\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc, s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u00ec tri\u1ebft l\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft l\u00fd m\u1edbi ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf m\u1ec7nh hi\u1ec7n nay: s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 truy kh\u1ea3o c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch s\u1eed h\u1ecdc b\u1ecb ch\u00ecm m\u1ea5t trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u1ea3o tho\u1ea1i m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft l\u00fd l\u00e0 thu\u1eadn theo t\u00ednh m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a t\u00ednh th\u1ec3 trong s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. (Heidegger: Dieser R\u00fcckschritt verliert sich jedoch nicht historisch in ein mythisches Zeitalter, sondern er bewegt sich geschickhaft in der Gegenwart des jetzigen Weltalters). S\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea3y l\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a con s\u00f4ng, l\u00f9i l\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n, l\u00f9i l\u1ea1i n\u01a1i th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh (Wesen) c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Con s\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi khai th\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch kinh t\u1ebf th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, con s\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 trang ho\u00e0ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 cho m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, con s\u00f4ng \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho s\u1ef1 khai th\u00e1c k\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho c\u01a1 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam; s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a v\u0103n minh c\u01a1 kh\u00ed c\u0169ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long trong vi\u1ec7c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a su\u1ed1i ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng. S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng x\u00e1c ch\u1ebft th\u1ea3 tr\u00f4i tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1eefng x\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn, nh\u1eefng x\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y hay b\u00ean kia, nh\u1eefng x\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft cho s\u1ef1 \u1ea9n t\u00ednh (l\u0113th\u0113) c\u1ee7a t\u00ednh m\u1ec7nh trong th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BVX: Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i xa th\u1eadt. Ch\u00fang ta t\u1edbi Heidegger r\u1ed3i, ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng anh?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PCT: V\u00e2ng, t\u1edbi Heidegger v\u00e0, \u2014 n\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00fd anh mu\u1ed1n ng\u1ea7m h\u1ecfi, \u2014 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. N\u00e0y nh\u00e9:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cV\u1ea5n t\u00ednh v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a T\u00ednh th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea7m t\u01b0 v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a nguy\u00ean uy\u00ean c\u1ee7a T\u00ednh th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 Hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3n t\u00ednh \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea7m t\u01b0 v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3n t\u00ednh kia m\u00e0 thu\u1edf b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft (bekannt) v\u1edbi c\u00e1i t\u00ean l\u00e0 A-L\u0113theia (V\u00f4 \u1ea8n T\u00ednh) [Un-Verborgenheit], nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c suy t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee7 lu\u1eadn th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri nh\u1eadn [erkannt] nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00f4i. M\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea7m t\u01b0 g\u1ea7n g\u0169i h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a V\u00f4 \u1ea8n T\u00ednh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf trong t\u1eadn n\u01a1i su\u1ed1i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadp ki\u1ebfn khai ng\u1ed9 r\u1eb1ng trong su\u1ed1t to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft l\u00fd T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ef1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 T\u00ednh th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 Hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee9c v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a V\u00f4 \u1ea8n T\u00ednh. V\u1ea5n t\u00ednh v\u1ec1 T\u00ednh th\u1ec3 ph\u01a1i b\u00e0y v\u00e0o trong v\u1ea5n t\u00ednh v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee9c gi\u1eefa V\u00f4 \u1ea8n T\u00ednh v\u00e0 Hi\u1ec7n T\u00ednh (\u201cCh\u00e2n l\u00fd\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cT\u00ednh th\u1ec3\u201d), t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i qui \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee9c n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 th\u1ebf. V\u1edbi v\u1ea5n t\u00ednh n\u00e0y, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb1ng sau ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hy-l\u1ea1p v\u00e0 nh\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i n\u00e0y m\u00e0 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng gia tr\u01b0\u1edbc Socrate cho \u0111\u1ebfn Neitzsche, \u0111em to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng khai v\u1ef1c m\u1edbi l\u1ea1. Tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y th\u00ec s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c tr\u1edf n\u00ean minh b\u1ea1ch r\u1eb1ng tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng khoa h\u1ecdc, trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 (Fortschritt) m\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang ngh\u0129a h\u01a1n th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 (R\u00fcckschritt). Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 truy kh\u1ea3o c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u00ecm m\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u1ea3o tho\u1ea1i m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 \u1ea5y l\u1ea1i d\u00ednh li\u1ebfu m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i qua s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng dung v\u1edbi t\u00ednh m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a t\u00ednh th\u1ec3.\u201d\u0110o\u1ea1n v\u0103n n\u1ea7y, PCT (v\u1eeba) n\u00f3i (v\u1eeba vi\u1ebft) b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c. \u00cdt ph\u00fat sau n\u00f3i d\u1ee9t ch\u1eef ch\u00f3t, anh trao cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i b\u1ea3n vi\u1ebft tay nguy\u00ean t\u00e1c ch\u1eef \u0110\u1ee9c. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfc v\u00ec nh\u00e0 in kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u1eef (\u0110\u1ee9c) \u0111\u1ec3 in n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a Heidegger l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00f4ng b\u00e8o v\u00e0 b\u00f4ng lau ph\u1ea5t ph\u01a1 b\u00ean ng\u1ecdn gi\u00f3 T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ed5i hiu hiu qua nh\u1eefng x\u00e1c ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u00f4i l\u1ec1nh b\u1ec1nh trong d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long. Heidegger \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi tr\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 g\u1eedi cho gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Manfred S. Frings tr\u01b0\u1edbc bu\u1ed5i h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 Heidegger \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc DePaul \u1edf Chicago v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 11 v\u00e0 12 th\u00e1ng 11, n\u0103m 1966. \u0110\u00e3 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi r\u1ed3i c\u00e1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta g\u1ecdi Heidegger l\u00e0 \u201ct\u00ean ch\u00f3 s\u0103n c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn tr\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1ea3 t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu quay \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi v\u00f4 s\u1ea3n\u201d. \u0110\u00e3 qu\u00e1 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi r\u1ed3i c\u00e1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta g\u1ecdi Heidegger l\u00e0 \u201ct\u00ean ph\u00e1t x\u00edt tay sai c\u1ee7a Hitler\u201d, \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi r\u1ed3i c\u00e1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta g\u1ecdi Heidegger \u201ct\u00ean hi\u1ec7n sinh sa \u0111o\u1ea1, ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n \u00f4ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn hi\u1ec7n sinh tr\u1ee5y l\u1ea1c\u201d, \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi r\u1ed3i c\u00e1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta g\u1ecdi Heidegger l\u00e0 \u201ct\u00ean ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a h\u01b0 v\u00f4, t\u00ean v\u00f4 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m\u201d, \u201ct\u00ean ph\u00f9 thu\u1ef7 man r\u1ee3 t\u1ed1i t\u0103m\u201d, \u201ct\u00ean v\u1eb7n v\u1eb9o ch\u1eef ngh\u0129a kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u\u201d, \u201ct\u00ean b\u00e0y tr\u00f2 huy\u1ec5n ho\u1eb7c v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a\u201d. C\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a Heidegger c\u00e0ng s\u00e1ng ch\u00f3i l\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1, c\u00e0ng s\u00e1ng ch\u00f3i h\u01a1n n\u1eefa khi \u0111\u00eam t\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BVX: N\u1ebfu t\u00f4i l\u1ea7m l\u1eabn, xin anh tha l\u1ed7i. D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 qua c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e3 in, anh c\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1 s\u00e2u \u0111\u1eadm t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Heidegger?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PCT: H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, t\u1eeb \u00dd th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi trong v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc (1963), \u0111\u1ebfn H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m T\u01b0 T\u01b0\u1edfng (1963) v\u00e0 Im L\u1eb7ng H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m(1966) \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra t\u1eeb \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1eb1ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Heidegger t\u1eeb g\u1ea7n m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n mu\u1ed1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t Heidegger, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u1ea5y c\u0169ng b\u1ecb k\u1eb9t trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh Heidegger. N\u00f3i kh\u00e1c \u0111i l\u00e0 t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1i m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh c\u00e1i \u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0a t\u00f4i v\u01b0\u1ee3t: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn, m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn \u1ea5y gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3i g\u00e2y chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh, m\u00e0 Heidegger \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfi l\u1ea1i: l\u00e0m g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1i m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7 ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn c\u00e2u n\u00f3i \u1ea5y c\u1ee7a Heidegger trong b\u00e0i \u201cOntological Background of the Present War in Vietnam\u201d vi\u1ebft trong Dialogue (L\u00e1 B\u1ed1i xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n 1965). M\u00e2u thu\u1eabn \u1ea5y c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Heidegger khi Heidegger mu\u1ed1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua si\u00eau h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Nietzsche v\u00e0 Platon. Ch\u00ednh Heidegger c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Heidegger \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a Heidegger tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfng ca c\u1ee7a thi s\u0129, nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng ca H\u00f6lderlin v\u00e0 Hebel. Ti\u1ebfng ca c\u1ee7a thi s\u0129 v\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng gia, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 im l\u1eb7ng ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m t\u1ea1, v\u00ec t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m t\u1ea1 (Danken) c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi Su\u1ea5t t\u00ednh (Seinlassen) v\u00ec Xu\u1ea5t t\u00ednh (EK-sistenz), \u0111\u1ec3 cho T\u00ednh th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh (sie l\u00e4sst das Sein \u2013 sein). Ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i l\u1edbn lao c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng gia Heidegger \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chuy\u1ec3n t\u00ednh (Kehre) cho t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng gia Heidegger th\u00e0nh ra thi s\u0129 Heidegger. S\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Heidegger l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f4i tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e3i v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00fd th\u1ee9c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u01b0 v\u00f4, tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh v\u00e0 t\u00ednh th\u1ec3, tr\u01b0\u1edbc to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 to\u00e0n t\u00ednh, tr\u01b0\u1edbc si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 si\u00eau v\u01b0\u1ee3t t\u00ednh; t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i l\u1edbn lao cao v\u00fat c\u1ee7a Heidegger, ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn v\u00e0 ch\u1eadm r\u00e3i, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ecdc trong to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng tri\u1ebft l\u00fd T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o l\u00fd \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng; k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 suy t\u01b0\u1edfng ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn \u1ea5y l\u00e0 quy\u1ec3n Im L\u1eb7ng H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m. Trong quy\u1ec3n Im L\u1eb7ng H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n d\u00f9ng s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Heidegger \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft l\u1ea1i h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft l\u00fd T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u1ea5t v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef s\u00e1ng s\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1c, v\u00ec s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng s\u1ee7a, m\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1c, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft tri\u1ebft l\u00fd, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y tri\u1ebft l\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1edbi l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc th\u00ec t\u00f4i s\u1ebd r\u01a1i v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i l\u1edbn lao nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c suy t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc H\u01b0 V\u00f4 v\u00e0 Th\u1ebf M\u1ec7nh; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do c\u1eaft ngh\u0129a t\u1ea1i sao c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00e1ch r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i \u201cvi\u1ebft tri\u1ebft l\u00fd nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7\u201d, l\u1eddi ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n \u1ea5y ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn qu\u00e1 non n\u1edbt c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 tri\u1ebft l\u00fd m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd bi\u1ebft tri\u1ebft l\u00fd hay ch\u1ec9 coi tri\u1ebft l\u00fd nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec1 sinh nhai ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec3m tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho v\u1ecb th\u1ebf tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110ang khi si\u00eau h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft l\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng, \u0111ang khi s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng s\u1ee7a, m\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1c, minh b\u1ea1ch, kh\u00fac tri\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a Platon trong \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 v\u00ec c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a Platon \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gian \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u00e1 qua ph\u1ea1m tr\u00f9 nh\u00e3n quan, v\u00ec Platon \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec3 nghi\u1ec7m T\u00ednh th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u00fd quan th\u1ec3 (eidos), t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan ki\u1ebfn (idein) b\u1edfi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c (orthot\u0113s) c\u1ee7a quan ki\u1ebfn \u1ea5y. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ebfn Descartes th\u00ec tri\u1ebft l\u00fd c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf m\u00e0n, t\u1eeb ch\u1ee7 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Descartes m\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 m\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1c, s\u00e1ng s\u1ee7a, kh\u00fac tri\u1ebft l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, qua quan ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Descartes v\u1ec1 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 x\u00e1c t\u00edn (certitude).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BVX: Nghe anh l\u00fd lu\u1eadn, ch\u00ednh t\u00f4i, ng\u1ed3i \u1edf n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y, c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 tin anh l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 d\u1ea1y Tri\u1ebft t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PCT: \u0110i t\u1eeb \u00fd th\u1ee9c tr\u00ean, t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng hay tri\u1ebft l\u00fd nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3, hay nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t tri\u1ebft gia nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ho\u1eb7c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 t\u00f4i t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ean th\u1ee3 v\u1ec1 tri\u1ebft l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng t\u00ean n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u00e0n tay c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u th\u00ec \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n \u1edf th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng vi\u1ec7n, h\u1ecd d\u1ea1y v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc, h\u1ecd vi\u1ebft v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y h\u1ecd vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m \u0111i ra ngo\u00e0i th\u00f4ng l\u1ec7. N\u1ed7i kh\u1ed5 t\u00e2m nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i trong m\u1ea5y n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i d\u1ea1y tri\u1ebft l\u00fd cho \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc V\u1ea1n H\u1ea1nh; \u0111\u00f4i l\u00fac t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c khi \u0111\u1ee9ng gi\u1ea3ng tri\u1ebft l\u00fd cho sinh vi\u00ean, v\u00ec t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ch tri\u1ebft l\u00fd, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed7i khi t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n gi\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c \u0111i, d\u1ea1y nh\u1eefng g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong s\u00e1ch v\u1edf th\u00ec t\u00f4i c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i, m\u1ed7i khi t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u suy t\u01b0 l\u1edbn ti\u1ebfng qua s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 t\u01b0 ngh\u1ecb trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00ec t\u00f4i c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi h\u01b0 v\u00f4; sau m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y theo \u0111i\u1ec7u \u1ea5y, t\u00f4i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n mu\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 t\u1eed, v\u00ec t\u00f4i b\u1ecb k\u00e9o trong s\u1ef1 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng c\u00f9ng t\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 im l\u1eb7ng, gi\u1eefa \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00eam t\u1ed1i. C\u00e0ng l\u00fac t\u00f4i c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 khi n\u00e0o ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ed1i t\u0103m, kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u th\u00ec l\u00fac \u1ea5y t\u00f4i m\u1edbi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe? T\u00f4i c\u00e0ng di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1c, s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t th\u00ec t\u00f4i c\u00e0ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u t\u00f4i, nh\u01b0ng l\u00fac \u1ea5y t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn trong s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ea5t quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t v\u1edbi h\u1ed1 th\u1eb3m, v\u1edbi uy\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n t\u00ednh. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n nay v\u1eabn l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, kh\u00f4ng ai hi\u1ec3u n\u1ed5i s\u1ef1 im l\u1eb7ng l\u1edbn lao c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng gia v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu m\u00ecnh v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng hay tri\u1ebft l\u00fd n\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t kh\u1ea3 d\u0129 n\u00f3i l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed7i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng c\u00f9ng t\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u0103n ho\u00e1 \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ea5t quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t v\u1edbi h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u0103n ho\u00e1 T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng trong n\u1ed7i vong qu\u1ed1c th\u00ea th\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u v\u00e0o th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian \u1edf Paris, t\u00f4i c\u1ee9 li\u00ean mi\u00ean ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef th\u00ec, th\u1ebf th\u00ec, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3, v\u00e2n v\u00e2n, r\u1ed3i t\u00f4i suy ngh\u0129 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef N\u00f4m, t\u1eeb ch\u1eef N\u00f4m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t-H\u00e1n nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh, th\u1ec3, th\u1ebf, h\u1eefu, v\u00f4, th\u1eddi, v\u00e2n v\u00e2n; t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t-H\u00e1n \u1ea5y, b\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean t\u00f4i ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o ch\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t trong hai ch\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam; trong th\u1eddi gian \u1ea5y, t\u00f4i c\u0169ng ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1eef Ph\u1ea1n (Sanskrit) v\u00e0 ch\u1eef Hy-l\u1ea1p, v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 hai ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a hai n\u1ec1n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i; su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111i \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Korzybski, I.S. Hayakawa v\u00e0 Wittgenstein v\u00e0 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn h\u1ecdc bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Suzanne K. Langer. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111i \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i thi\u00ean kh\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Karl Jaspers v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Long Th\u1ecd (N\u0101g\u0101rjuna) v\u00e0 quy\u1ec3n The Central Philosophy of Buddhism c\u1ee7a T.R.V. Murti, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Kant \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lu\u1eadn thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T.R.V. Murti, t\u00f4i c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o Trung Qu\u00e1n lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Long Th\u1ecd v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng l\u00fac c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng gia l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Long Th\u1ecd. T\u1eeb c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a Long Th\u1ecd, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng qua m\u1ed9t m\u00e0u s\u1eafc m\u1edbi l\u1ea1 h\u1eb3n, nh\u01b0ng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ea5y l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n chua ch\u00e1t nh\u1ea5t, v\u00ec t\u00f4i tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i li\u00ean mi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 \u00f3c l\u1edbn lao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, trong tim v\u00e0 trong \u00f3c t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m kh\u00f3i, th\u1ee9 kh\u00f3i xanh r\u1ebb ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c gauloises. Khi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ni\u00ean kho\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 Trung Qu\u00e1n lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Long Th\u1ecd v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n v\u00e0o l\u1edbp d\u1ea1y l\u00e0 m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e2n m\u00e1u, c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c sau khi d\u1ea1y v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb g\u1ea7n s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft. C\u0169ng th\u1eddi gian \u1ea5y, t\u00f4i t\u1ee5ng kinh B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 v\u00e0 xoay t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y Heidegger, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n t\u1ea1o cho \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc V\u1ea1n H\u1ea1nh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng Long Th\u1ecd v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng Heidegger. Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i l\u1ea7n l\u1ea7n t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ebfm t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 chua cay v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Heidegger, r\u1ed3i t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u1eedi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i bi tr\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a Long Th\u1ecd tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 im l\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 im l\u1eb7ng m\u00e0 t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n g\u1ecdi t\u00ean l\u00e0 Im L\u1eb7ng H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u00e0m v\u01a1i nh\u1eb9 s\u1ef1 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng c\u00f9ng t\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed \u00f3c m\u00ecnh, t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 m\u00e0 t\u00f4i t\u1eebng khinh gh\u00e9t nh\u01b0 Platon, Aristote, Kant, Hegel v\u00e0 Karl Jaspers, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Bertrand Russell, \u00c9tienne Gilson, Whitehead, Carnap v\u00e0 Ryle. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, Nietzsche, Rimbaud v\u00e0 Henry Miller v\u1eabn l\u00e0 bu\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00e2m quen thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1eabn l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ed3 ch\u1ee5p l\u1ea5y t\u00f4i. Ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00ec t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 ngay \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a h\u01b0 v\u00f4 (nihilisme) hi\u1ec3u theo Ernst J\u00fcnger trong quy\u1ec3n \u00dcber die Linie c\u1ee7a Ernst J\u00fcnger, v\u00e0 m\u1eebng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi t\u00f4i kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra r\u1eb1ng Ernst J\u00fcnger l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a Heidegger \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng li\u00ean l\u1ea1c g\u1ea7n g\u0169i. T\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i Bible v\u00e0 \u0103n n\u1eb1m v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7n b\u00ed Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o nh\u01b0 Eckhart, Jakob B\u00f6hme, William Blake. Trong th\u1eddi gian c\u00f4 li\u00eau n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t h\u00f4m t\u00ecnh c\u1edd, t\u00f4i kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra Nishida Kitar\u014d, tri\u1ebft gia l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt b\u1ea3n \u1edf th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Nishida Kitar\u014d \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u00f4i c\u1ee5t h\u1ee9ng, v\u00ec Nishida Kitar\u014d \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m: \u201clu\u1eadn l\u00fd h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1edf\u201d (bashoteki) c\u1ee7a Nishida \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Long Th\u1ecd v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh qua s\u1ef1 tri ng\u1ed9 th\u00e2m tr\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a Nishida v\u1edbi tri\u1ebft l\u00fd T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u1edbi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Husserl, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi Nishida \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd ni\u1ec7m no\u0113ma v\u00e0 no\u0113sis c\u1ee7a Husserl trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00fd h\u1ed9i th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i. Sau khi kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 Nishida r\u1ed3i, t\u00f4i b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch tri\u1ebft l\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a Rilke, Leopardi, Rimbaud. T\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u1ed3i vi\u1ebft ph\u1ea7n Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c cho quy\u1ec3n Im L\u1eb7ng H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ea5y, t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng nghe nh\u1eefng Symphonies c\u1ee7a Beethoven. Quy\u1ec3n Im L\u1eb7ng H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y gi\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a Nietzsche, ng\u00e0y 25 th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1967. Nhan \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch l\u00e0: Im L\u1eb7ng H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m, con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tri\u1ebft l\u00fd Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y t\u1eeb tr\u00ean l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u00e2m linh, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 th\u1edf trong vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh quy\u1ec3n Im L\u1eb7ng H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m. Ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Im L\u1eb7ng H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra t\u1ea1i Paris trong nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7nPh\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Im L\u1eb7ng H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra t\u1ea1i S\u00e0i g\u00f2n trong nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean ( v\u00e0 m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i d\u00e0y h\u01a1n ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i). Quy\u1ec3n Im L\u1eb7ng H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in ra 4.000 quy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n h\u1ebft. Khi nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n An Ti\u00eam t\u1ecf \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh mu\u1ed1n t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n l\u1ea1i, th\u00ec t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1m, th\u1edd \u01a1, kh\u00f4ng h\u0103ng h\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u1ea3, v\u00ec t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i qua, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n qua m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c, v\u00ec t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n thi\u1ebft tha v\u1edbi con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 t\u00f4i t\u1eebng g\u1ecdi \u00e9p l\u00e0 \u201ccon \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tri\u1ebft l\u00fd Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BVX: Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n thi\u1ebft tha, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PCT: Kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady l\u00f9ng b\u00f9ng b\u00ean hai th\u00e1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, l\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft, l\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c, su\u1ed1t ng\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb1m d\u00e0i h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 nghe nh\u1ea1c; kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m th\u00e1nh l\u1ea1i n\u1ed5i d\u1eady v\u00e0 t\u00f4i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn cu\u1ed1n kinh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o (kinh Dhammapada) \u0111\u1ec3 \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f9ng l\u00fac v\u1edbi kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng l\u00e0m th\u00e1nh th\u00ec kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng l\u00e0m qu\u1ec9 l\u1ea1i n\u1ed5 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5n l\u00e0m r\u1ea1n v\u1ee1 tim \u00f3c t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u00edch l\u00e0m t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng gia, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u00edch l\u00e0m thi s\u0129 hay ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft gia, t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n b\u1ecf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, \u0111i l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng, b\u1ecf c\u1ea3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m th\u00e1nh, b\u1ecf c\u1ea3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m qu\u1ec9 v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n s\u1ed1ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, r\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1eadp c\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng c\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ea3. T\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh t\u00f4i l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 m\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft, th\u1ebf th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao mong \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft? Th\u1ef1c ra, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 cao si\u00eau, kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p g\u00ec c\u1ea3; tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u1ea5y l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i; \u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd ra t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean vi\u1ebft g\u00ec c\u1ea3, \u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd ra t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc,\u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd ra t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0o c\u1ea3, \u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd ra t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean t\u1ef1 coi m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd ra t\u00f4i n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec c\u1ea3, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec c\u1ea3, kh\u00f4ng \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn g\u00ec c\u1ea3, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft g\u00ec c\u1ea3, kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u g\u00ec c\u1ea3. M\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ra t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec? Nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i vi\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f4i gi\u00e0y c\u0169 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ee9t b\u1ecf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i, nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f4i gi\u00e0y t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ee9t b\u1ecf \u1edf Florence, \u1edf Gen\u00e8ve, \u1edf New York. Nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00f3 v\u00e0o t\u00f4i nh\u01b0 ch\u1eedi v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t t\u00f4i; khi b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng qu\u00e1n s\u00e1ch \u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng L\u00ea L\u1ee3i, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch \u1ea5y ng\u00f3 nh\u00ecn t\u00f4i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0n ti\u1ebfng \u201c\u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd\u201d. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec cho \u0111\u1eddi t\u00f4i? T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec, ra g\u00ec? T\u1ea1i sao th\u1ebf n\u00e0y? T\u1ea1i sao th\u1ebf kia? C\u00e0ng l\u00fac t\u00f4i c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh xa l\u00eca t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, xa l\u00eca t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tri\u1ebft l\u00fd, xa l\u00eca t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd. S\u1ef1 xa l\u00eca \u1ea5y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ee5t l\u00f9i, s\u1ef1 l\u00f9i b\u01b0\u1edbc; t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec r\u00fat \u0111i kh\u1ecfi t\u00f4i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n r\u00fat c\u1ee7a thu\u1ef7 tri\u1ec1u, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t con s\u00f4ng ch\u1ea3y l\u00f9i. T\u00f4i th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfn \u0111i t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2u n\u1eefa. S\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9, \u00e0, s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9, t\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng qua s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 to\u00e0n tri\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c. Khi s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c t\u00f4i l\u00f9i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00ec b\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean t\u00f4i g\u1eb7p ch\u1eef \u201cR\u00fcckschritt\u201d trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Heidegger g\u1eedi cho gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Manfred S. Frings, vi\u1ebft v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 10, 1966. Ch\u1eef \u0110\u1ee9c \u201cR\u00fcckschritt\u201d c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9, v\u00e0 theo Heidegger, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft l\u00fd ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9, v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft l\u00fd kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc th\u00ec c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 (Fortschritt) c\u00f2n tri\u1ebft l\u00fd, \u0111\u00fang ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tri\u1ebft l\u00fd th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 (R\u00fcckschritt) v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 \u1ea5y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ee5t l\u00f9i \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 su\u1ed1i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 khoa h\u1ecdc, tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, n\u00f3i t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, su\u1ed1i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 \u0103n minh nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Ch\u1ec9 n\u1ed9i m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef \u201cR\u00fcckschritt\u201d trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Heidegger c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i t\u00f4i ra kh\u1ecfi c\u01a1n b\u1ebf t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m t\u01b0 trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BVX: Ra kh\u1ecfi c\u01a1n b\u1ebf t\u1eafc \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ed3i\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PCT: T\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ed1ng h\u0103ng h\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, say s\u01b0a vi\u1ebft l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch l\u1ea1i, \u0111i l\u1ea1i con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tri\u1ebft l\u00fd m\u00e0 t\u00f4i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ccon \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tri\u1ebft l\u00fd Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d, v\u00ec khi tr\u1ea3i qua kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 kia th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef \u201cR\u00fcckschritt\u201d c\u1ee7a Heidegger c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c l\u00e0m ch\u1ea3y l\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng C\u1eedu Long trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c t\u00f4i. S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0y t\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng x\u00e1c ch\u1ebft l\u1ec1nh b\u1ec1nh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng b\u00f4ng lau v\u00e0 b\u00f4ng b\u00e8o. T\u00f4i t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n; b\u00e2y gi\u1edd nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nh\u00ecn ng\u00f3 t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng \u201c\u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd\u201d, t\u00f4i nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch \u1ea5y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 th\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ec3 cho t\u00ednh th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh \u201claisser-\u00eatre, letting be, senlassen\u201d (Gelassenheit!). \u0110\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i quy\u1ec3n Im L\u1eb7ng H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec3n \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 trung th\u00e0nh tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft l\u00fd qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p suy t\u01b0: Reductio ad Impossibile v\u00e0 Via Negativa. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tri\u1ebft l\u00fd Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft l\u00fd, v\u00ec s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u01b0 v\u00f4 v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1u th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 (Fortschritt) c\u1ee7a H\u01b0 v\u00f4. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ea9y tr\u1eeb h\u01b0 v\u00f4, v\u00ec s\u1ef1 t\u1ea9y tr\u1eeb \u0111\u1eb7t c\u0103n t\u00ednh t\u1eeb th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u01b0 v\u00f4; v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 c\u01b0u mang h\u01b0 v\u00f4, \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u01b0 v\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 h\u01b0 v\u00f4. V\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m ri\u00eang l\u1ebb m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u01b0 v\u00f4. Ch\u1eef \u201cvi\u1ec7t\u201dtrong Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cv\u01b0\u1ee3t qua\u201d m\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111i l\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng\u201d; trong tinh th\u1ea7n tinh ngh\u0129a H\u00e1n \u2013 Vi\u1ec7t th\u00ec vi\u1ec7t v\u1eeba c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cv\u01b0\u1ee3t\u201dv\u1eeba c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cr\u01a1i\u201d. Kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng h\u01b0 v\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u0111i l\u00ean tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n nay v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi h\u01b0 v\u00f4. \u1ede th\u1eddi L\u00fd t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u00ean l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 Ng\u1ed9 \u1ea4n, \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u201cDi\u1ec7u T\u00ednh H\u01b0 V\u00f4\u201d v\u00e0 n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e3nh h\u1ed9i di\u1ec7u t\u00ednh h\u01b0 v\u00f4 (di\u1ec7u t\u00ednh h\u01b0 v\u00f4 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 phan). H\u01b0 v\u00f4 c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 Ng\u1ed9 \u1ea4n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u01b0 v\u00f4 c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u01b0 v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111ang v\u00e2y ph\u1ee7 to\u00e0n l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a h\u01b0 v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111ang thao t\u00fang to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 thao t\u00fang Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t; ch\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a h\u01b0 v\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n qua s\u1ef1 th\u1ee5t l\u00f9i c\u1ee7a \u201cdi\u1ec7u t\u00ednh h\u01b0 v\u00f4\u201d c\u1ee7a Ng\u1ed9 \u1ea4n. S\u1ef1 th\u1ee5t l\u00f9i \u1ea5y thu\u1eadn theo t\u00ednh m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u1edf th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng gia v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n nay kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t Gia-t\u00f4 gi\u00e1o hay Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n hay v\u00f4 s\u1ea3n, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u1ee5t l\u00f9i \u1ea5y, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng gia hay tri\u1ebft gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft l\u00fd, \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 \u1ef1 th\u1ee5t l\u00f9i c\u1ee7a \u201cdi\u1ec7u t\u00ednh h\u01b0 v\u00f4\u201d th\u00ec m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee9ng dang ch\u00e2n tr\u00ean th\u1ebf m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u1edf th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BVX: Mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c \u1ea5y, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PCT: S\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh \u1ea5y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua tri\u1ebft l\u00fd, si\u00eau h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc, t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc, lu\u1eadn l\u00fd h\u1ecdc, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng khoa h\u1ecdc).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ecdc \u1ea4n \u0111\u1ed9, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, Kh\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1o, L\u00e3o gi\u00e1o).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n (hay h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean, t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a \u00fd th\u1ee9c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u01b0 v\u00f4. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ed1i b\u1ecf h\u01b0 v\u00f4: s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 (Fortschritt) c\u1ee7a h\u01b0 v\u00f4 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 (R\u00fcckschritt) c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 Huy\u1ec1n b\u00ed. Huy\u1ec1n b\u00ed c\u00e0ng tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 th\u00ec Huy\u1ec1n t\u00ednh c\u00e0ng th\u1ee5t l\u00f9i, s\u1ef1 th\u1ee5t l\u00f9i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 th\u1ee5t l\u00f9i n\u00e0y l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ch\u00ednh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n to\u00e0n tri\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tri\u1ebft l\u00fd Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 \u00fd th\u1ee9c n\u1ea9y l\u1eeda v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i l\u1edbn lao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ed1 th\u1eb3m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1y: Trong quy\u1ec3n H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m T\u01b0 T\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau l\u00ean s\u1ef1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cSuy t\u01b0 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 suy t\u01b0 v\u1ec1 b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi quan v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng u\u1ef7 m\u1ecb\u201d (trang 216)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e2u n\u00f3i tr\u00ean tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu hi\u1ec3u:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cB\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i l\u00e0 m\u00e1u me, m\u00e1u ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u00f2ng m\u00e1u trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt. B\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.\u201d (trang 216)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ebft tri\u1ebft l\u00fd m\u00e0 vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u1ed1i th\u00eam nh\u1eefng g\u00ec v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111en t\u1ed1i.[M\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc t\u0103ng g\u00f5 c\u1eeda, b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o tr\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y. PCT l\u01b0\u1edbt \u0111\u1ecdc, v\u1eaby tay cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc t\u0103ng lui ra. T\u00f4i nh\u1eafc v\u1edbi PCT quan ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ee7a Bertrand Russel. Anh m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi bu\u1ed3n r\u1ed3i ch\u1eadm r\u00e3i n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfp.]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PCT: S\u1ef1 leo thang c\u1ee7a tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn tranh \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u01b0 v\u00f4, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e2y khi chi\u1ebfn tranh \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t v\u00e0 ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00ec s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u01b0 v\u00f4 l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng \u0111i nhanh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ph\u0169 ph\u00e0ng h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. Di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u01b0 v\u00f4 th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a b\u1ecb k\u1eb9t v\u00e0o ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi, th\u1ee9 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef b\u1ecb qui \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 h\u01b0 v\u00f4 kia. S\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu; d\u1ee5ng ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u00eam l\u00ean hi\u1ec7n nay, s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u01b0 v\u00f4; ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1eef m\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n c\u1ee7a suy t\u01b0 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00ednh m\u1ec7nh Vi\u1ec7t Nam. S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t cho s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu, kh\u00f4ng cho ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee5t l\u00f9i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Uy\u00ean Nguy\u00ean. N\u1ed7i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n l\u1edbn lao nh\u1ea5t cho con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tri\u1ebft l\u00fd Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng b\u00ean trong s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n nay m\u00e0 v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n t\u00ednh Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 cho Vi\u1ec7t T\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh. Quy\u1ec3n Im L\u1eb7ng H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i tr\u00ean b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee5t l\u00f9i \u1ea5y, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do c\u1eaft ngh\u0129a t\u1ea1i sao Im L\u1eb7ng H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i ngh\u0129a. Si\u00eau h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i \u0111i v\u00e0o c\u1ea3 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n nay. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1ed7i nguy hi\u1ec3m l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua t\u1eeb l\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ec3 qua m\u1eabu t\u1ef1 La-m\u00e3 v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, c\u00e0ng l\u00fac Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t t\u00ednh v\u00e0 b\u1ecb qui \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a H\u01b0 v\u00f4, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u1ed7i nguy hi\u1ec3m kia \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01b0u mang bi \u0111\u00e1t qua \u00fd th\u1ee9c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a v\u00e0i ba thi s\u0129 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u1edf th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 H\u00e0n M\u1eb7c T\u1eed \u1edf th\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1eef cho ng\u00f4n t\u00ednh Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eadp ch\u1eefng \u0111i tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t t\u00ednh. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 suy t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 H\u01b0 v\u00f4 trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng tri\u1ebft l\u00fd T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb Platon cho \u0111\u1ebfn Jean-Paul Sartre \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb r\u01a1i v\u00e0o b\u1ebf t\u1eafc, v\u00ec ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u1ecd d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb qui \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u1ee7a si\u00eau h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u201csi\u00eau th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc\u201d. Ngay \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 H\u01b0 v\u00f4 nh\u01b0 Ernst J\u00fcnger, khi vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua H\u01b0 v\u00f4, c\u0169ng b\u1ecb k\u1eb9t v\u00e0o ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a si\u00eau th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng; \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn cho Heidegger ph\u1ea3i minh \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng Ernst J\u00fcnger trong t\u1eadp Zur Seinsfrage (V. Klostermann, Frankfurt am Main, 1956). S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 \u0111i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t nh\u1ecbp v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u01b0 v\u00f4 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a \u00fd th\u1ee9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ee5t l\u00f9i l\u1ea1i th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tri\u1ebft l\u00fd Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i \u0111i c\u00f9ng nh\u1ecbp v\u1edbi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng Heidegger, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua Heidegger b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00f9i \u1edf \u0111\u1eb1ng sau suy t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Heidegger v\u1ec1 h\u01b0 v\u00f4 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BVX: B\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00f9i anh v\u1eeba n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a tri\u1ebft l\u00fd t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2u?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PCT: B\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00f9i \u1edf \u0111\u1eb1ng sau \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0a con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tri\u1ebft l\u00fd Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m; H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y mang tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a X\u00e1os c\u1ee7a Hy l\u1ea1p (cf. Hesiod, Thegony). Nh\u1eefng trang cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec3n Im L\u1eb7ng H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m c\u00f3 nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1eef Ungrund c\u1ee7a Jacob Boehme. Ch\u1eef \u0110\u1ee9c \u201cUngrund\u201d c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m. N\u1ebfu g\u1ecdi H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00fd ni\u1ec7m th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u00fd ni\u1ec7m gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n (Grenz begriff). H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m g\u1eedi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n ra \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, v\u00ec th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, khi th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i trong \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m, t\u1ee9c X\u00e1os. T\u1eeb X\u00e1os c\u1ee7a Hy l\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ebfn \u201cDi\u1ec7u T\u00ednh H\u01b0 V\u00f4\u201d c\u1ee7a Ng\u1ed9 \u1ea4n th\u00ec s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tri\u1ebft l\u00fd Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n m\u01a1 m\u00e0ng trong m\u1ed9t tr\u00f4n \u1ed1c xo\u00e1y tr\u00f2n qua ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 im l\u1eb7ng. Ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, Vi\u1ec7t t\u00ednh m\u1edbi h\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh Hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 V\u00f9ng \u0110\u1ea5t Gi\u00e0, m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t chung c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n su\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean khi tri\u1ebft l\u00fd ch\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft l\u00fd lu\u1eadn, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi, tr\u1eddi r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea5t, nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng con s\u00f4ng; tr\u00ean b\u1edd, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00f3ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 ca h\u00e1t ngh\u00eau ngao; d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u00f4ng b\u00e8o v\u00e0 b\u00f4ng lau, \u0111\u1ec3 cho Im L\u1eb7ng H\u1ed1 Th\u1eb3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c im l\u1eb7ng qua ti\u1ebfng v\u00e8o c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng v\u00f9 c\u1ee7a chim gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 \u0111i l\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n, gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0nh tr\u0103ng non ch\u01b0a tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho vi\u1ec7c truy th\u1ec3 trong s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a H\u01b0 v\u00f4 \u1edf th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. V\u00e0 l\u1eddi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng l\u00e0 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a thi s\u0129:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A quand la r\u00e9colte de l\u2019 ab\u00eeme ?Ren\u00e9 Char (Fureur et Myst\u00e8re, tr. 185-186)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BVX:\u00a0L\u1eddi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a anh l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi \u201cb\u00f4ng b\u00e8o v\u00e0 b\u00f4ng lau\u201d, v\u1ec1 d\u00f2ng C\u1eedu Long r\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng anh v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a cho t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft g\u00ec v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng anh, cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi anh\u2026PCT x\u00f4 gh\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean, ph\u00e1c m\u1ed9t c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 b\u00e2ng qu\u01a1 v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t. Khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t anh t\u00e1i xanh. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd t\u1ea1i anh \u0111ang b\u1ec7nh. \u0110\u00e8n ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eadt s\u00e1ng. B\u00e0n tay anh n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 h\u01a1i \u01b0\u1edbt, nh\u01b0ng anh si\u1ebft tay t\u00f4i th\u1eadt ch\u1eb7t. Ngay c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i b\u1eaft tay c\u1ee7a anh c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1i b\u1eaft tay c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh \u2014 hay \u00edt nh\u1ea5t, c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng tu s\u0129 m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eb7p. T\u00f4i n\u1eafm ch\u1eb7t tay anh, nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u v\u00e0o m\u1eaft anh, v\u00e0 \u2014 \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng \u2014 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tia nh\u00ecn n\u1eeda nh\u01b0 tinh qu\u00e1i, n\u1eeda nh\u01b0 \u00e1i ng\u1ea1i. Tia nh\u00ecn \u0111\u00f3 \u0111u\u1ed5i theo t\u00f4i th\u1ea5p xu\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng b\u1ef1c thang vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc V\u1ea1n H\u1ea1nh, v\u1ec1 t\u1eadn to\u00e0 so\u1ea1n khi t\u00f4i ng\u1ed3i so\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i b\u00e0i n\u00e0y\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n & B\u00f9i V\u1ecb Xuy\u00ean<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed V\u0103n, th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1969<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u00e2y Ng\u00e0n xin tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n hi\u1ebfm hoi c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed V\u0103n th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1969. B\u00e0i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n, v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 \u201cm\u1ed9t t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1ed1i t\u0103m, kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay\u201d, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[5,9,55],"class_list":["post-77","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bai-dang","tag-ban-nguyet-san-van","tag-bui-vi-xuyen","tag-pham-cong-thien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mayngan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mayngan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mayngan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mayngan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mayngan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=77"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mayngan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mayngan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=77"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mayngan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=77"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mayngan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=77"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}